IU School of Optometry Continuing Education
Plaquenil Toxicity Detected Without Bull's Eye Maculopathy

References

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  1. Marmor MF, Carr RE, Easterbrook M, Farjo AA, Mieler WF (for the American Academy of Ophthalmology). Recommendations on Screening for Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy. Ophthalmology 2002;109:1377-1382.
  2. Lai TY, Chan WM, Haitao Li, Laie RY, Lam DS. Multifocal Electroretinographic changes in patients receiving hydroxychloroquine therapy. 2005; 140: 794-807.
  3. Optometric Clinical Practice Recommendations for monitoring ocular toxicity of selected medications. American Academy Website www.aao.org/documents/OcularToxicity.pdf Wednesday, 27 2006.
  4. Mavrikakis I, Sfikakis PP, Marvrikakis E, Rougas K, Nikolaou A, Kostopoulos C, Mavikakis M. The incidence of irreversible retinal toxicity in patient treated with hydroxychloroquine: a reappraisal. Ophthalmology 2003; 110:1321-1326.
  5. Razeghinejad MR. Blue-yellow perimetery can be an early detector of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine retinopathy. 2005; 65: 629-30.
  6. Grutzner P. Acquired color vision defects secondary to retinal drug toxicity. Ophthalmologica 1969; 158 (Suppl): 592-604.
  7. Vu BL, Easterbrook M, Hovis JK: Detection of color vision defects inchloroquine retinopathy. Ophthalomology, 1999. 106 (9): 1799-803.
  8. Pluenneke AC, Blomquist PH. Utility of red amsler grid screening in a rheumatology clinic. The J of Rheumatology 2004; 31:9:1754-1755.
  9. Marmor MF. The dilemma of Hydroxychloroquine screening: New information from the multifocal ERG. Am J Ophthalmol 2005;140: 894-895.
  10. Seiple A, Clements CJ, Greenstein VC, Carr RE, Holopigian K. Test-retest reliability of the multifocal electroretinogram and Humphrey visual fields in patient with retintis pigmentosa. Doc Ophthalmol 2004. 255-272.
  11. Maturi RJ, Minzhong Y, Weleber RG. Multifocal electroretinographic evaluation of long-term hydroxychloroquine users. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004; 122:973-981.
  12. Tam WK, Chan H, Brown B, Yap M. Effects of different degrees of cataract on the multifocal electroretinogram. Eye 2004; July; 18(7): 691-6.
  13. Kabat AG. Looking at Plaquenil: Watch for corneal changes and maculopathy. Review of Optometry 2006; (suppl 1):S 10.
  14. Easterbrook M. Screening for antimalarial toxicity: current concepts. Guest Editorial. Can J Ophthalmol 2002; 37:325-8.
  15. Browning DJ. Author's reply in correspondence. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002; 935-6.
  16. Lee AG. How to screen asympotomatic patient taking HCQ. Ophthalmology Times; April 1st, 2005.
  17. Shoyer NF, Lewis RA, Lupski JR. Analysis of the ABCR (ABCA4) gene in 4 aminoquinoline retinopathy: is retinal toxicity by chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine related to Stargardt disease? Am J Ophthalmol 2001; 131:761-6


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